Inspirations – pt.III: Bruce Lee

29 01 2010

I love Bruce Lee as much as Akira and therefore the section devoted to this great fighter will be huge!

As a young man, as a student, Akira watched the movie Bruce, Enter the Dragon (Enter the Dragon) and was impressed and fascinated that he spent ten days in a row going to the movies to watch. A penalty was that this was the last film of Bruce, who died three weeks before the premiere.

After the Operation Dragon kung fu undergone significant changes (for worse, with no real fighting…). That’s when Akira watched the film The Invincible Master (Drunken Master) and was glazed. Watched this movie about 200 times and your editor discovered his passion for kung fu. So Akira began working on his new story, kung fu.

Well, let’s direct influences!

Inspiration # 1: You may ask yourselves why so many fight movies have the traditional martial arts tournament. I say: they are all copies or at least attempt to be a copy of the movie Enter the Dragon. The film that Bruce introduced to the West the idea of a true tournament, with real combats (before was just “fake battles”, with no touches) and also introduced the idea of a big tournament gathering the bests fighters of the world to Hollywood industry, that started making many martial arts movies. We can see Dragon Ball also followed the idea with Tenkaichi Budoukai.

 

Inspiration # 2: During Red Ribbon Saga, in one of the fights against the red army, Goku enters in one of the famous constructions of the series: the Muscle Tower. That’s where Goku meets and befriends Android n° 8, dubbed by Goku as Either (Ha-chan). Imagine how creative Akira was by creating such tower, with different enemies on each floor, each one with a different fight style. I say: inspired on Bruce Lee, in the movie “Game of Death”.

In Lee’s movie, Muscle Tower is a pagoda, with one fighter on each floor, and on the last floor he would fight the big boss, the best fighter of the tower. Bruce filmed less than half of what he planned for the film, most part just fight scenes, but he died before completing the film.

In Dragon Ball we see a clearly resemblance. On each floor there is an enemy. We have:

– First floor: four thugs
– Second floor: Sergeant Metallic
– Third floor: Ninja Murasaki
– Fourth floor: Monster Buyon
– Fifth floor: General White

The difficulty increases when Goku walks to the highest floor, although General White is not the most powerful. Goku found harder to deal with Monster Buyon, that “adapted easily to his opponents” (I’ll talk about it later, in the category The Biggest Fight), making clear reference to the enemy on the top floor of the pagoda, in Bruce’s movie, who adapted to his enemy because of his fighting style.

3rd floor

4th floor

5th floor

Inspiration # 3: Speaking of fighting styles … which fighting style is predominant in Dragon Ball? Kung fu? Well, I can affirm that when Goku was a kid, Son Gohan trained him with the fight style of kung fu, as we can see in the first episode, when Goku moves as a practitioner of this martial art style. However during the series it appears that our heroes are no longer fighting using kung fu, they’re fighting with a particular style, fighting different opponent to opponent. It makes me think about another influence of Bruce Lee: Jeet Kune Do (The way of the intercepting fist).

This “style” created by Bruce is the “style of no style”; according to Lee, the fighter should be like water:
“The fighter should behave in a fight like water – insubstantial *, flexible. And, like water, a match cannot have definite shape.

* Bruce defines water as insubstantial because you cannot grab it, cannot punch it and hurt her.

Bruce’s philosophy was to be like water and adapt to the enemy, without a defined style – kung fu, karate, boxing, etc.

When Goku trained with Master Mutenroshi, we see that Goku wanted to be trained and learn a style but Master Roshi only trains him physically and mentally. The training provided by the wise teacher was to prepare the body and mind of his disciple to fight and when that happened, Goku would certainly adapt and see the best option to make during the fight in order to win the battle.

Inspiration # 4: About the middle of DBZ, the trainings are to be totally heavy, especially with the help of artificial gravity chamber, built by Dr. Briefs, Bulma’s father and the owner of Capsule Corp. We see Vegeta training in a 300G gravity, performing pushups that everyone would say are impossible for humans. I say it’s not impossible to Bruce Lee!

Bruce’s trainings were as heavy as the saiyan’s, but made under Earth’s gravity, of course. The famous Vegeta’s two fingers pushup (which is one of three backgrounds to load the game Dragon Ball Sparking Meteor) was based on Bruce’s two fingers pushup, shown in a karate tournament.

 Inspiration # 5: Bruce also had a direct tribute, just like Jackie Chan with the secret identity of Master Mutenroshi, Jackie Chun. In the first movie of Dragon Ball, Shenlong no Densetsu (神龍の伝説), we see a brief scene that appears a masked driver. This driver is Bruce Lee, in the role of Kato, from the TV series The Green Hornet. What a great tribute!

Now I leave you a question in a poll: who influenced more Dragon Ball? Bruce Lee or Jackie Chan?

Unfortunately I couldn’t show impartiality about this, since my post about Bruce Lee ended much larger ther the one about Jackie, but… vote!

Just for curiosity, these videos of Bruce Lee are a demonstration of his famous “One-inch punch,” a punch given from a distance of one inch from the opponent. Close? Yes. Weak? Not at all!





Inspirations – pt. II: Jackie Chan

23 01 2010

Continuing talking about Toriyama inspirations to make the fantastic work that Dragon Ball is, I decided to talk now about a striking thing in this anime: the inspiration in the masters of martial arts.

Akira Toriyama revealed to be big fan of kung-fu (in several of his interviews, he reveals his passion), especially in the two biggest martial artists of the story: Bruce Lee and Jackie Chan.

Now, with you, everything or at least everything I now about martial arts influenced by the Chinese masters Bruce Lee and Jackie Chan! (I’ll talk about Bruce other time!)

Akira certainly managed to make a tribute to the actor and martial artist Jackie Chan in the first martial arts tournament (21st Tenkaichi Budoukai), Master Roshi enters in the tournament under the secret guise of Jackie Chun.

 

In the fight against Goku in the final of this tournament we see the second great tribute to Chan: Jackie Chun uses the “drunken technique”, with motions of a drunken person, but with strong and unexpected attacks. This fight style comes from a very old film of Jackie Chan, known as “Drunken Master”. Below, a video of a fight scene which Jackie Chan uses this style.

Just for curiosity, a video of National Geographic Channel about this fight style. It’s very interesting the explanation of how it works. Check it out!

In the movie The Forbidden Kingdom, already mentioned in our first post of Dragon Ball inspirations, Jackie Chan’s character is an immortal drunk that uses this same “drunken boxer” style.

Jackie Chan also participated in the Daizenshuu – Complete Illustrations (the first volume) publication, in the session I Love Dragon Ball, which shows that Jackie would like to act in an adaptation for theaters (note that the Daizenshuu is very old so there were no plans for a live-action).

Well, that’s all I know about Jackie Chan influences over Dragon Ball! Next post is about Bruce Lee influences. So… till there, see ya!





Inspirations-pt.I:Journey to the West

13 01 2010

Well, I ask you all: usually when something is created in the world is this new creation totally unique or it is based on something pre-existing? I would say that everything that is created is based on something that already exists. The new creators use them as an initial idea to create their project. This also occurs in mangakas (mangas creators) lives. Akira Toriyama, our beloved creator of Dragon Ball, used various real characters and legends in order to create the warriors, friends and family of the series. I gather then in this new category, the various inspirations that consecrated Dragon Ball unforgettable and one of the biggest and best anime in history.

I’ll start with a legend that has greatly influenced our anime. This legend is portrayed in an oriental book equivalent to Homer’s “Iliad” and “Odyssey” importance for Western literature. I refer to the book “Journey to the West” (known in Japan for “Saiyûki”), which inspired many mangakas, including the Toriyama. Here for you, the story of the origin of the name of the greatest hero of Dragon Ball.

Saiyûki 西遊記

The legend of Sūn Wùkōng (Son Goku in Japanese and Sūn Wùkōng in Chinese) is famous throughout Asia and was born of a trip that actually occurred with a monk in the early seventh century. Several of his stories were being written pilgrimage for centuries, and in the sixteenth century have been combined in a novel written by the monk Wu Cheng’en, “Journey to the West”, or Saiyûki.

The novel is the story of the journey to India mythologized around a Buddhist monk in his search for Sutra (sacred book of Buddhism). In the story, the monk is protected by Sūn Wùkōng, a figure with extraordinary powers born of a rock fueled by the Five Elements, capable of holding 72 polymorphic transformations, excellent in combats, capable of flying in clouds, immunity to fire and water any cutting instrument, capable of carrying a mountain on each shoulder and to be invisible.

Sūn Wùkōng’s mission was to protect the monk on his journey to the west from monsters and other evil creatures, because anyone who ate the flesh of a monk would have eternal life. To fight these dangers, Sūn Wùkōng uses his powers that can be said to be worthy of a superman.

Not just the Monkey King from “Journey to the West” inspired Akira in the creation Goku. Throughout history we see other famous Dragon Ball characters inspired on Saiyûki’s characters. Objects also were inspired on “Saiyûki”. Check out others inspirations:

Nyoibou (JP), Ru Yi Bang (CH), 如意棒

Weapon used by the Monkey King, Sūn Wùkōng in “Journey to the West”, being an iron pole, whose extremities are composed of gold rings. It is with such a weapon that the Monkey King defeat Jade Warlord. In the manga, the popular “power pole” (nyoibou) is a seemingly simple bar, but has incredible characteristics. Able to grow at will and be practically unbreakable, Goku carries the legacy of his grandfather, Son Gohan, for a long time. After the battle against Piccolo Daimao we discovered the real reason for the existence of such an object: it connects the earthly to the heavenly world, making the connection between the Korin Tower and the Kami’s Lookout.

Then we know about the sequence of the owners of this surprising “weapon”. Kept with Korin, that after endure endless requests for his disciple, Kame Sennin, decided to give him such staff, as you he imagined that there would never be someone who would be qualified to meet Kami-Sama. Hence, Kame Sennin went back to earth and years later he trained his first two disciples: Son Gohan and Gyumao (Ox King). Probably, Master Roshi gave the baton to Son Gohan because he was his best disciple. From there we already know who the next owner of nyoibou was: Son Goku, the greatest hero of all times!

Kintoun (筋斗雲)

Inspired in the flying cloud that Sūn Wùkōng used in “Journey to the West”, kintoun is a magic cloud with principles: only a pure heart can ride and control it with a simple thought. In ancient times many of them were seen, but over time, they were disappearing, because people’s hearts have become more obscure with evil and bad thoughts. Goku’s kintoun was a gift from Master Roshi, for helping Umigame (Master Mutenroshi’s turtle) to reach the sea. Master Roshi, in turn, acquired it when he trained with Korin-Sama, but with stalker thoughts, he lost the ability to mount it.

In Piccolo Daimao Saga, Tambourine destroys it; however Korin-Sama presents Goku with the original kintoun, a huge flying cloud. Goku, humble, takes a little bit, enough to guide him in his adventures. Our hero uses this magical cloud until he managed to control the flight technique, bukujustu. Later, Gohan and Goten started using kintoun too.

 

Gyūmaō (JP), Niumowáng (CH), 魔王

Gyumao literally means “Lord Ox-Devil” or “King Ox-Devil.” In the novel “Saiyûki”, he is one of several demons who try corrupt Sūn Wùkōng during his journey trip. In the manga, Ox King is introduced as a giant barbarian possessed of a mortal axe, killing everyone that approaches to his castle in flames, trying to steal his precious treasures. Over time, Gyumao, Chi Chi (Goku’s wife)’s father, takes a secondary role, as a family man worried about his friends and family.

 

Enma Daiō (JP), Yan-Lo (CH), 閻魔大王

Enma-Daio is the Japanese name of a Buddhist god of the dead. He reigns in the underworld, judging the souls that pass through him. In Japan, this name is used mainly to scare children and appears to be linked to religion. He appears in Dragon Ball as a kind of bureaucrat who allows Goku to keep his body to train with King Kai.

An important role in the celestial hierarchy, Enma not only judges the souls, leading them to heaven or hell, but also means that some remain dead with their bodies (as the case when Goku died) and allows certain dead return to earth for a certain period.

SUGESTION:

I suggest to those who became interested in this post and in the story of “Journey to the West” to watch the movie “The Forbidden Kingdom” with Jackie Chan and Jet Li, that talks about this legend. Very interesting movie! It’s worth watching! Below, the trailer.